Challenges and opportunities for overcoming dog use in agrochemical evaluation and registration

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Patricia L. Bishop, Susy Brescia, Rachel Brunner, Warren Casey, Kathleen Conlee-Griffin, Richard A. Currie, Jeanne Domoradzki, Michelle Embry, Maria Ines Harris, Thomas Hartung , Gina M. Hilton, Barry Hooberman, Brandall Ingle, Kyung-Jin Jang, Lewis Kinter, Caroline Krall, Joseph Leedale, Anna Lowit, Jyotigna Mehta, Elizabeth Mendez, Bob Mingoia, Eliana Munarriz, Lynea Murphy, Angela Myer, Antoniana Ottoni, Martina Panzarea, Monique Perron, Juan Pina, Deborah Ramsingh, Fiona Sewell, Jennifer Swanson, Yu-Mei Tan, Andrea Terron, Maria A. Trainer, Marize Campos Valadares, Steven Webb, Elizabeth Webb, Catherine Willett, Douglas C. Wolf
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Abstract

Progress in developing new tools, assays, and approaches to assess human hazard and health risk provides an opportunity to re-evaluate the necessity of dog studies for the safety evaluation of agrochemicals. A workshop was held where partic­ipants discussed the strengths and limitations of past use of dogs for pesticide evaluations and registrations. Opportunities were identified to support alternative approaches to answer human safety questions without performing the required 90-day dog study. Development of a decision tree for determining when the dog study might not be necessary to inform pesticide safety and risk assessment was proposed. Such a process will require global regulatory authority participation to lead to its acceptance. The identification of unique effects in dogs that are not identified in rodents will need further evaluation and determination of their relevance to humans. The establishment of in vitro and in silico approaches that can provide critical data on relative species sensitivity and human relevance will be an important tool to advance the decision process. Promising novel tools including in vitro comparative metabolism studies, in silico models, and high-throughput assays able to identify metabolites and mechanisms of action leading to development of adverse outcome pathways will need further development. To replace or eliminate the 90-day dog study, a collaborative, multidisciplinary, international effort that transcends organi­zations and regulatory agencies will be needed in order to develop guidance on when the study would not be necessary for human safety and risk assessment.

Article Details

How to Cite
Bishop, P. L. (2023) “Challenges and opportunities for overcoming dog use in agrochemical evaluation and registration”, ALTEX - Alternatives to animal experimentation, 40(3), pp. 534–540. doi: 10.14573/altex.2302151.
Section
Meeting Reports
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